Rales can also be described as moist, dry, fine, and coarse. They are believed to occur when air opens alveoli.

Rales: Small clicking, bubbling, or rattling sounds in the lungs.

Surfactant deficiency, pneumonia, cardiac abnormalities Inflammation of lung linings, lung tumors Problems playing this file? See media help. Normal breath sounds can also be identified by patterns of sound duration and the quality of the sound as described in the table below: NameĮxpiratory sound duration is equivalent to inspiratory soundĮxpiratory sound duration is longer than inspiratory soundĪnteriorly between the 1st and 2nd intercostal space Įxpiratory sound duration is about equivalent to inspiratory soundĮxpiratory sound duration is shorter than inspiratory soundĬommon types of abnormal breath sounds include the following: NameĬaused by narrowing of airways, such as in asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, foreign body.

Normal breath sounds are classified as vesicular, bronchovesicular, bronchial or tracheal based on the anatomical location of auscultation. These include normal breath sounds and adventitious or 'added' sounds such as crackles, wheezes, pleural friction rubs, stertor, and stridor.ĭescription and classification of the sounds usually involve auscultation of the inspiratory and expiratory phases of the breath cycle, noting both the pitch (typically described as low (≤200 Hz), medium or high (≥400 Hz)) and intensity (soft, medium, loud or very loud) of the sounds heard.

These may be easily audible or identified through auscultation of the respiratory system through the lung fields with a stethoscope as well as from the spectral characteristics of lung sounds. Respiratory sounds, also known as lung sounds or breath sounds, refer to the specific sounds generated by the movement of air through the respiratory system.

Coarse crackles lung sounds